The Gruffalo is a children's book by writer and playwright Julia Donaldson, illustrated by Axel Scheffler, that tells the story of a mouse, the protagonist of the book, taking a walk in a European forest. The book has sold over 13 million copies, has won several prizes for children's literature, and has been developed into plays on both the West End and Broadway.
The Gruffalo was initially published in 1999 in the United Kingdom by Macmillan Children's Books (ISBN 0-333-71093-2) as a 32-page hardback edition, was followed six months later by a paperback edition, and subsequently by a small-format board book edition. It was penned for readers aged three to seven, and is about 700 words long. It is written in rhyming couplets, featuring repetitive verse with minor variance.
Video The Gruffalo
Plot
The story of a mouse's walk through the woods unfolds in two phases; in both, the mouse uses clever tricks to evade danger. On his way the mouse encounters several dangerous animals (a fox, an owl, and a snake). Each of these animals, clearly intending to eat the mouse, invites him back to their home for a meal. The cunning mouse declines each offer. To dissuade further advances, he tells each animal that he has plans to dine with his friend, a gruffalo, a monster-like hybrid that is half grizzly bear and half buffalo, whose favourite food happens to be the relevant animal, and describes the features of the gruffalo's monstrous anatomy. Frightened that the gruffalo might eat it, each animal flees. Knowing the gruffalo to be fictional, the mouse gloats thus:
- Silly old fox/owl/snake, doesn't he know?
- there's no such thing as a gruffalo!
After getting rid of the last animal, the mouse is shocked to encounter a real gruffalo - with all the frightening features the mouse thought that he was inventing. The gruffalo threatens to eat the mouse, but again the mouse is cunning: he tells the gruffalo that he, the mouse, is the scariest animal in the forest. Laughing, the gruffalo agrees to follow the mouse as he demonstrates how feared he is. The two walk through the forest, encountering in turn the animals that had earlier menaced the mouse. Each is terrified by the sight of the pair and runs off - and each time the gruffalo becomes more impressed with the mouse's apparent toughness. Exploiting this, the mouse threatens to eat the gruffalo, which flees.
The story is based on a Chinese folk tale of a fox that borrows the terror of a tiger. Donaldson was unable to think of rhymes for "tiger" so instead she invented a word that rhymes with "know".
Maps The Gruffalo
Recognition
The Gruffalo won the gold award (in the 0-5 years category) of the 1999 Nestlé Smarties Book Prize. It was the UK's best-selling picture book of 2000, won the 2000 Nottingham/Experian Children's Book award, and the Blue Peter Best Book To Read Aloud award. The audio version won the Best Children's Audio award in the Spoken Book Awards. In November 2009 the book was voted "best bedtime story" by listeners of BBC Radio 2. In a 2010 survey by UK charity Booktime, the book came first in a list of children's favourite books.
Culture
The Dean Heritage Centre in the Forest of Dean, England was given permission by author Julia Donaldson, illustrator Axel Scheffler and the publisher's Macmillan Children's Books, London, UK, to create the Gruffalo trail within the national park.
During the time that Julia Donaldson lived in Bearsden, Gruffalo sculptures were installed around Kilmardinny Loch using natural materials, such as a beech tree trunk for the largest one.
Translations
The Gruffalo has sold over 13 million copies in 59 editions worldwide. Translations include
- Afrikaans (Die Goorgomgaai)
- Breton (Ar Groufalo)
- Bulgarian (Gruzulak)
- Catalan (El Grúfal)
- Chinese (???, Guluniu)
- Croatian (Grubzon)
- Doric Scots (The Doric Gruffalo)
- Dutch (De Gruffalo)
- Estonian (Grühvel)
- Finnish (Mörkyli)
- French (Gruffalo)
- German (Der Grüffelo)
- Greek (?? ?????????)
- Hebrew (Trofoti)
- Hungarian (A graffaló)
- Icelandic (Greppikló)
- Irish (An Garbhán)
- Italian (Il Gruffalò)
- Latin (Gruffalo)
- Latvian (Bubulis)
- Lithuanian (Grufas)
- Low German (De Grüffelo)
- Manx (Yn Gruffalo)
- Maori (Te Tanguruhau)
- Norwegian (Gruffaloen)
- Orcadian Scots (The Orkney Gruffalo)
- Polish (Gruffalo)
- Portuguese (O Grufalão)
- Romanian (Gruffalo)
- Russian (????????)
- Serbian (??????)
- Slovene (Zverjasec)
- Scots (The Gruffalo)
- Scottish Gaelic (An Gruffalo)
- Shetland Scots (The Shetland Gruffalo)
- Spanish (El Grúfalo)
- Swedish (Gruffalon)
- Turkish (Tostoraman)
- Welsh (Y Gryffalo)
Versions and products
The book was initially sold as an A4 paperback book in 1999, and later as a smaller A5 board book version in 2002. An audiobook version, narrated by Imelda Staunton, was released in 2002, and a jigsaw book version (ISBN 1-4050-3496-3) was published in 2004. The book is also sold packaged with a gruffalo soft toy. At some point in the print run of the hardcover paper page book, the dialogue was subtly changed. There are two different ISBN numbers for the book. However, the older ISBN number that relates to the original text is no longer available.
The "Gruffalo song" was released with the audiobook, as a standalone CD single, and on a musical CD with other songs from Donaldson's books.
Donaldson and Scheffler's sequel, 2004's The Gruffalo's Child (which tells the story of the gruffalo's daughter, warned by her father of the terrifying mouse) won the "Best Children's Book" award in the 2005 British Book Awards.
A Gruffalo Woodland Trail has been created at the Dean Heritage Centre, Soudley in the Forest of Dean, UK. The trail depicts the scenes from the book and has been carved by local chainsaw artists out of local redwood. The trail runs daily throughout 2012.
A ridable wheeled Gruffalo children's suitcase is manufactured for Trunki; the case had been featured as a pitch idea on the entrepreneur game show Dragons' Den and rejected by the show's judges.
Donaldson and Scheffler have collaborated on many other titles; some feature cameos from the Gruffalo in other guises, including as Christmas tree decoration in Stick Man, a drawing by a child in The Snail and the Whale and a fish in Tiddler.
Adaptations
Film
The book has been adapted into a 27-minute animated film, which was broadcast on BBC One in the UK on 25 December 2009. This version features Robbie Coltrane in the title role, James Corden as the mouse, Helena Bonham Carter as the mother squirrel narrator, and Rob Brydon as the Snake. The production was animated at Studio Soi in Germany and produced through Magic Light Pictures. The film also has the voices of John Hurt as the Owl and Tom Wilkinson as the Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Short Film (Animated) on 25 January 2011. The film was also nominated for a BAFTA in 2010.
Theatre
The Gruffalo has been adapted for the stage by Meneer Monster. The production has toured around The Netherlands and Belgium in 2014, and will continue in 2015. The Meneer Monster production performed around 250 times. In June 2014 Meneer Monster made a South African version of the Gruffalo with twenty Market Theatre Laboratory students in Johannesburg.
The Gruffalo has been adapted for the stage by Tall Stories theatre company. The production has visited the West End for the last five years, including a staging at the Lyric Theatre, London during Christmas, most recently 2014. The Tall Stories production has also toured the UK and internationally, including performances at Sydney Opera House in September 2011 and in the UK most years. It returned to the Lyric Theatre, London in Summer 2015.
Ride
Chessington World of Adventures opened a ride called 'The Gruffalo River Ride Adventure', using the original water transit system used on The Bubbleworks Ride.
Media appearances
The book appears in the Doctor Who series 5 episode "The Hungry Earth": Mo reads it to his son, then later by himself before the "strange event" happens.
References
Further reading
- Julia Donaldson video podcast, the author discusses The Gruffalo on scottishbooktrust.com
- news story about the Tall Stories production at Sydney Opera House
- The Gruffalo creator Julia Donaldson reveals the story behind Britain's best-loved bedtime story By JENNY JOHNSTON, Daily Mail, 1 January 2010
External links
- gruffalo.com, the book's website
- the author's website
- thegruffalolive.com, the website for the stage adaptation
- meneermonster.com, The website of the Dutch theatre company who have adapted the book for theatre
- Tall Stories, the website of the theatre company who have adapted the book for the stage
- ESL resources for primary school teachers
- Who would love a Gruffalo?, Giles Wilson, BBC News Magazine, 22 October 2010
- deanheritagecentre.com - gruffalotrail The Gruffalo trail at the Dean Heritage Centre for 2012
Source of article : Wikipedia
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